Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yezixhobo zokupaka ezidolophini ezinqongopheleyo,izixhobo zokupaka zokuphakamisa elula,kunye neempawu zayo "zexabiso eliphantsi, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, kunye nokusebenza lula", ibe sisisombululo esisebenzayo sokusombulula iingxaki zokupaka zendawo. Olu hlobo lwezixhobo ludla ngokubhekisela kwizixhobo zokupaka ezisebenzisa imigaqo yokuphakamisa oomatshini (ezifana nokutsalwa kweentambo zocingo, ukunyuswa kwe-hydraulic), zinezakhiwo ezilula, kwaye azifuni iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo ezizihambelayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka kwiindawo ezincinci kunye neziphakathi njengendawo yokuhlala, iivenkile, kunye nezibhedlele. Owona msebenzi ungundoqo kukuguqula umhlaba osikelwe umda ube yizithuba zokupaka ezikwimigangatho emininzi ngokwandisa indawo ethe nkqo.
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Ukusuka kwimbono yeemeko zesicelo, ukuguquguquka kwezixhobo zokuphakamisa ezilula zibalaseleyo. Xa umlinganiselo weendawo zokupaka kwiindawo zokuhlala ezindala awanelanga ngenxa yokulibaziseka kocwangciso, a umngxuma uhlobo lokuphakamisa yokupakaindawo inokufakwa kwindawo evulekileyo phambi kwesakhiwo seyunithi - iphakanyiswe emini njengendawo yokupaka yethutyana kwaye ithotywe phantsi emhlabeni ebusuku ukuze abanini bamise; Ngexesha leeholide kunye namaxesha okukhangisa, iivenkile zokuthenga okanye iihotele zinokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikufutshane nomnyango wendawo yokupaka ukuze zizalise ngokukhawuleza iindawo zokupaka zexeshana kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu; Kwaneendawo ezine-traffic egxininisekileyo, njengamasebe ongxamisekileyo esibhedlele kunye neendawo zokuthatha isikolo, zinokufikelela ekumiseni ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwezithuthi ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezilula ezinokuthi zifakwe kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza.
Inzuzo yayo engundoqo ilele kwibhalansi phakathi "kwezoqoqosho" kunye "nokusebenza".
Xa kuthelekiswa neegaraji ezinemigangatho emithathu ezenzekelayo (efuna ulawulo lwe-PLC kunye noqhagamshelwano lwenzwa), iindleko izixhobo zokuphakamisa ezilula yi-1/3 kuphela ukuya kwi-1/2, umjikelo wofakelo ufinyezwa ngaphezu kwe-60%, kwaye ukugcinwa kufuna kuphela iitshekhi eziqhelekileyo kwiintambo zocingo okanye ubume bemoto, kunye neemfuno ezisezantsi zobugcisa kubaqhubi. Ngelo xesha, izixhobo zilungelelanise kakhulu kwiindawo ezikhoyo: uhlobo lomngxuma lunokusebenzisa iindawo eziluhlaza ezingafunekiyo (ezilinganiswe nomhlaba emva kokugubungela umhlaba), ngelixa uhlobo lomhlaba lufuna kuphela ukugcina i-2-3 yeemitha zendawo yokusebenza, kunye nempembelelo encinci kwi-greening kunye nokuphuma komlilo.
Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenziseni ngokwenene, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekusebenzeni okusemgangathweni kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo. Ngokomzekelo, xa upaka isithuthi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ulandele ngokungqongqo umda womthwalo (odla ngokumakishwa ngomda weetoni ezi-2-3) ukuphepha ukugqithisa okubangela ukuphuka kwentambo yocingo; Izixhobo zodidi lomngxuma kufuneka zithintelwe ngamanzi (njengokumisa imisele yamanzi kunye nokugquma kwamanzi) ukuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwamanzi kunye nokubola kwesakhiwo ngexesha lemvula; Abasebenzisi kufuneka balandele inkqubo “yokuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokupaka ayinamntu phambi kokuba baqalise ilifti” ukunqanda ukuqalisa ngengozi kunye neengozi zokhuseleko.
Ngokuphindaphinda kwetekhnoloji, ezinye izixhobo ezilula zokuphakamisa zibandakanye izinto ezikrelekrele, njengokufakela iikhamera zokuqaphela ipleyiti yelayisenisi ukuze zihambelane ngokuzenzekelayo neendawo zokupaka, ukucwangcisa ixesha lokuphakamisa ukude ngokusebenzisa ii-apps eziphathwayo, okanye ukudibanisa izinzwa ezichasene nokuwa kunye nokulayisha ngaphezulu izixhobo ze-alam ukomeleza ukhuseleko. Olu phuculo lukwaphakamisa ngakumbi ukusebenza kwesixhobo, ukusiphucula ukusuka “kwisongezelelo esingxamisekileyo” ukuya “kwisicwangciso sokupaka esiqhelekileyo”.
Ngokubanzi, izixhobo zokupaka ezilula zokuphakamisa ziye zaba "i-patch encinci" kwiinkqubo zokupaka ezisezidolophini ezineempawu "zotyalo-mali oluncinci kunye nomphumo okhawulezayo", ukubonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo nesinokwenzeka sokunciphisa iingxabano zokupaka phantsi kwezixhobo ezilinganiselweyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-24-2025